Discrepancies in detecting obfuscated payloads by Windows Defender?

I decided to learn something about obfuscating payloads so I read some articles and got onto our lab environment and started testing, for example with [Invoke-Obfuscation](https://github.com/danielbohannon/Invoke-Obfuscation). For the time being I stuck with obfuscating PowerShell payloads and testing them against Windows Defender.

First, I took the PS payloads from [PayloadsAllTheThings](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Reverse%20Shell%20Cheatsheet.md) and started obfuscating them with Invoke-Obfuscation. For example I followed a [tutorial by Linode](https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/windows-red-team-defense-evasion-techniques/) which uses AST obfuscation. This did not work for me as either the payload script threw …

cybersecurity defender obfuscated windows windows defender