Secure and Efficient Federated Learning Through Layering and Sharding Blockchain. (arXiv:2104.13130v3 [cs.CR] UPDATED)

Federated Learning (FL) has become an essential enabling technology for
digital twin in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) networks. However, due to
the master/slave structure of FL, it is very challenging to resist the single
point of failure of the master aggregator and attacks from malicious IIoT
devices while guaranteeing model convergence speed and accuracy. Recently,
blockchain has been brought into FL systems transforming the paradigm to a
decentralized manner thus further improving the system security and learning
reliability. Unfortunately, …

blockchain sharding