Reverse Engineering Obfuscated Firmware for Vulnerability Analysis

With vendors leveraging increasingly advanced obfuscation and encryption techniques to protect the confidentiality of their code, finding vulnerabilities can be especially challenging. Another difficulty is the firmware itself becoming a challenge to reverse, if it was compiled for an obsolete architecture and commercial disassemblers can’t properly reconstruct it. The firmware in the Schneider Electric APC PDU is an example of such a code; it has been around for years and is compiled for an old and obsolete version of the …

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