Homomorphic Multiple Precision Multiplication for CKKS and Reduced Modulus Consumption

ePrint Report: Homomorphic Multiple Precision Multiplication for CKKS and Reduced Modulus Consumption

Jung Hee Cheon, Wonhee Cho, Jaehyung Kim, Damien Stehlé

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) schemes such as BGV, BFV, and CKKS consume some ciphertext modulus for each multiplication. Bootstrapping (BTS) restores the modulus and allows homomorphic computation to continue, but it is time-consuming and requires a significant amount of modulus. For these reasons, decreasing modulus consumption is crucial topic for BGV, BFV and CKKS, on which numerous studies have been …

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