Hamming Distributions of Popular Perceptual Hashing Techniques. (arXiv:2212.08035v1 [cs.CR])

Content-based file matching has been widely deployed for decades, largely for
the detection of sources of copyright infringement, extremist materials, and
abusive sexual media. Perceptual hashes, such as Microsoft's PhotoDNA, are one
automated mechanism for facilitating detection, allowing for machines to
approximately match visual features of an image or video in a robust manner.
However, there does not appear to be much public evaluation of such approaches,
particularly when it comes to how effective they are against content-preserving
modifications to …

distributions hashing popular techniques