For Writing Accuracy: What are the general capabilities and limitations of a worm?

A little setup for the question: I'm writing a novel and the main characters is a recently retired IT professional with some cybersecurity experience. I'm no expert, but I've been in the IT field myself (albeit briefly) and I generally know some of the limitations in the field. I'm asking the question here, because I don't want to fall into the trope of presenting computers and viruses as practically magic.


That being said, early in the book, the main character …

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