Cryptography Is Not Enough: Relay Attacks on Authenticated GNSS Signals. (arXiv:2204.11641v2 [cs.CR] UPDATED)

Civilian-GNSS is vulnerable to signal spoofing attacks, and countermeasures
based on cryptographic authentication are being proposed to protect against
these attacks. Both Galileo and GPS are currently testing broadcast
authentication techniques based on the delayed key disclosure to validate the
integrity of navigation messages. These authentication mechanisms have proven
secure against record now and replay later attacks, as navigation messages
become invalid after keys are released. This work analyzes the security
guarantees of cryptographically protected GNSS signals and shows the …

attacks cryptography relay signals