A Forward-secure Efficient Two-factor Authentication Protocol. (arXiv:2208.02877v1 [cs.CR])

Two-factor authentication (2FA) schemes that rely on a combination of
knowledge factors (e.g., PIN) and device possession have gained popularity.
Some of these schemes remain secure even against strong adversaries that (a)
observe the traffic between a client and server, and (b) have physical access
to the client's device, or its PIN, or breach the server. However, these
solutions have several shortcomings; namely, they (i) require a client to
remember multiple secret values to prove its identity, (ii) involve several …

authentication factor forward protocol