Pentimento: Data Remanence in Cloud FPGAs. (arXiv:2303.17881v1 [cs.CR])

Cloud FPGAs strike an alluring balance between computational efficiency,
energy efficiency, and cost. It is the flexibility of the FPGA architecture
that enables these benefits, but that very same flexibility that exposes new
security vulnerabilities. We show that a remote attacker can recover "FPGA
pentimenti" - long-removed secret data belonging to a prior user of a cloud
FPGA. The sensitive data constituting an FPGA pentimento is an analog imprint
from bias temperature instability (BTI) effects on the underlying transistors.
We …

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